Apparatus for the Measurement of Susceptibility of Paramagnetic Solution by Quinck’s tube Method

It was established by Faraday in 1845 that magnetism is universal property of every substance. He classified all magnetic substances into two classes, viz., paramagnetic and diamagnetic. Weber, later on, tried to explain para and diamagnetic properties on the basis of molecular currents. The molecular current gives rise to the intrinsic magnetic moment to the molecule, and such substances are attracted in a magnetic field, and called paramagnetics.

Procedure

The apparatus consists of U-shaped tube known as Quinck’s tube. One of the limb of the tube is wide and the other one narrow. The experimental liquid or solution is filled in the tube and is placed in such a way that the meniscus of the liquid in narrow limb is at the centre of the magnetic field.

The level of the liquid in the narrow tube is read by a travelling microscope when magnetic field is off. The magnetic field is switched on and the new raised level of the column is again read with the travelling microscope.

The apparatus consists of the following:

1. Quinck’s tube with stand

2. Sample: FeCl3

3. Electromagnet

4. Constant Current Power Supply

5. Digital Gaussmeter

6. Travelling Microscope

The bed is of heavy casting, thoroughly aged, machined and is fitted with levelling screws. On the dovetail guide ways slides the horizontal carriage which can be clamped at any position by means of a thumb screw. A second sliding carriage slides along a gun metal vertical pillar fitted on the horizontal carriage. The slow motion guide bars are made of sturdy material and the motion is very smooth.